Mushandirapamwe wemakore mana weFrance wekumisikidza yakazara, yakadzorwa chimiro chekurapa cannabis yakazobereka zvibereko.
Masvondo mashoma apfuura, zviuru zvevarwere vakanyoresa muFrance "pilot experiment" yekurapa cannabis, yakatangwa muna 2021, vakatarisana netarisiro inoshungurudza yekukanganiswa kurapwa sezvavakarairwa nehurumende kutsvaga kumwe marapirwo. Zvino, mushure mekubuda mumwedzi yekusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika, hurumende yeFrance yaita danho rakakura. Sekureva kwazvino mishumo, yakaendesa magwaro matatu akapatsanurwa kuEuropean Union kuti atenderwe, achitsanangura chirongwa chekurapa cannabis system, iyo inofanirwa "kupfuura" kupfuura.
Zvikumbiro zvazvino zveruzhinji zvinoita sezvinoratidza, kekutanga, kuti maruva e cannabis achawanikwa kune varwere - asi chete mu "kamwe-kushandisa" madhasi uye inopihwa neakananga michina.
1. Chiitiko Recap
Musi waKurume 19, 2025, magwaro matatu akaendeswa kuEU kuti atenderwe, rimwe nerimwe richitsanangura maitiro ekurapa cannabis zviri pamutemo.
Muchokwadi, hurongwa hwega hwega hwakanga hwapedzwa nguva yapfuura, nehurongwa hwekutanga hwekuzviendesa kuEU June apfuura kana Chikunguru. Nekudaro, kudonha kwehurumende yeFrance uye kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakatevera zvakanyanya kunonoka kupfuudzwa kwezvisungo izvi, pamwe nemamwe akawanda emitemo.
Maererano neEU's Technical Regulations Information System (TRIS), chirevo chekutanga chakatumirwa neFrance "inotsanangura hurongwa hwekutonga kwemishonga inoenderana necannabis." Mimwe mirau miviri, inozivikanwa se "Arrêtés," yakaunzwa panguva imwe chete kuti ibudise ruzivo rwehunyanzvi, mamiriro anoshanda, uye zviyero zvinogoneka zveinogona kuve imwe yemisika mikuru yezvekurapa cannabis muEurope.
Benjamin Alexandre-Jeanroy, CEO uye mubatsiri wekambani yeParis-based consulting Augur Associates, akaudza vezvenhau kuti: "Takamirira mvumo yekupedzisira kubva kuEU, mushure mezvo hurumende ichasaina zvisungo pamusangano wevhiki nevhiki wemakurukota unoitwa neChitatu pamuzinda wemutungamiri wenyika.
2. Mamiriro uye Zvigadzirwa
Pasi peiyo itsva yepasirese yekurapa cannabis chimiro, vanachiremba vakadzidziswa uye vane certification chete ndivo vanozobvumidzwa kuraira zvigadzirwa zvekurapa cannabis. Chirongwa chekudzidzisa chichamiswa mukutaurirana neFrench Health Authority (HAS).
Medical cannabis icharamba iri kurapwa kwekupedzisira kuita, sezviri muchirongwa chekutyaira. Varwere vanofanirwa kuratidza kuti mamwe ese akajairwa marapirwo anga asingashande kana kusashiviririka.
Mitemo yepamutemo yezvekurapa cannabis inongogumira pakurapa marwadzo europathic, zvinodhaka-resistant pfari, spasms ane chekuita nemultiple sclerosis uye zvimwe zvepakati tsinga system kusagadzikana, kuderedza chemotherapy side effects, uye palliative kutarisirwa kwezvisingaperi, zvisingatarisike zviratidzo.
Nepo aya mamiriro achienderana neakange ambotaurwa nhungamiro, shanduko yakakosha inogona kuvhura musika kune mamwe mabhizinesi kusanganisirwa kwecannabis ruva.
Kunyangwe ruva rave kutenderwa, varwere vanorambidzwa zvachose kuridya kuburikidza nenzira dzechivanhu. Panzvimbo iyoyo, inofanirwa kufemerwa kuburikidza neEC-yakasimbiswa yakaoma herb vaporizers. Ruva rekurapa cannabis rinofanirwa kuenderana neEuropean Pharmacopoeia's Monograph 3028 zviyero uye iunzwe mune yakapera fomu.
Zvimwe zvakapedzwa zvigadzirwa zvemishonga, zvinosanganisira zvemuromo uye zvinyorwa zvishoma, zvichave zviripo muzvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana THC-kune-CBD zviyero: THC-inotonga, yakaenzana, uye CBD-inotonga. Chikamu chega chega chinopa ekutanga matambudziko uye sarudzo dzevarwere dzekusarudza kubva.
"Kurongeka kwezvigadzirwa zvekurapa cannabis muFrance zvechokwadi kwakanakira indasitiri, sezvo pasina zvirambidzo pamhando kana kudzika-inongodiwa yakazara-yakazara zvigadzirwa." Iyo THC/CBD reshiyo ndiyo chete ruzivo runosungirwa kuendeswa. Uyezve, kupa ruzivo nezve madiki cannabinoids uye terpenes zvinokurudzirwa kukurudzira kukwikwidza, kunyangwe zvisingasungirwe, "vakadaro nyanzvi dzeindasitiri.
Chimwe chiitiko chakakosha itsanangudzo yeFrench Health Authority yekuti varwere 1,600 vari kurapwa pasi pechirongwa chekutyaira vacharamba vachiwana mishonga yecannabis, kusvika Kurume 31, 2026, panguva iyo hurongwa hwepasi rose hunotarisirwa kunge huchishanda zvizere.
3. Mamwe Mashoko Akakosha
Chinhu chakakosha mumitemo mitsva yekutonga kugadzwa kwe "Temporary Use Authorization (ATU)" chimiro - nzira yekubvumidza kusati kwatengeswa kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva.
Sezvambotaurwa, French National Agency yeChengetedzo yeMishonga uye Hutano Zvigadzirwa (ANSM) icha tarisa maitiro aya, ayo anozosimbisa mishonga yekurapa cannabis mishonga kwemakore mashanu, inogona kuvandudzwa mwedzi mipfumbamwe isati yapera. Iyo ANSM ichave nemazuva mazana maviri negumi ekupindura zvikumbiro uye ichaburitsa zvese sarudzo-kubvumidza, kurambwa, kana kumiswa-pawebhusaiti yayo yepamutemo.
Vanyoreri vanofanirwa kupa humbowo hwekuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinosangana neEU Yakanaka Kugadzira Kudzidzira (GMP) zviyero. Kana vatenderwa, vanofanirwa kuendesa Periodic Safety Update Reports mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega kwemakore maviri ekutanga, uye gore negore kwemakore matatu asara.
Nehurombo, vanachiremba vakadzidziswa uye vane certification chete ndivo vachapihwa mvumo yekunyora cannabis yekurapa, nezvirongwa zvekudzidzisa zvichaziviswa mukutaurirana neFrench Health Authority (HAS).
Chirevo chekutanga chinotarisawo mune zvinodiwa pachikamu chega chega chekutengesa. Kupfuura iyo yakaomesesa chengetedzo mapuroteni ikozvino akajairika mumisika yese yekurapa cannabis, inotara kuti chero murimi wepamba anofanirwa kurima zvirimwa mumba kana mumagreenhouses akadzivirirwa kubva kuvanhu.
Zvakanyanya kukosha, varimi vanofanirwa kupinda muzvibvumirano zvinosunga nemasangano ane mvumo vasati vadyara cannabis, uye chinangwa chekurima chinofanira kunge chiri chekutengesa kune aya ane mvumo.
4. Zvinotarisirwa uye Mikana
Mukutanga kwaNdira 2025, kuwedzera kwechirongwa chekurapa cannabis mumusika uzere wakaita setarisiro iri kure kune vese varwere nemabhizinesi.
Maonero aya akaenderera mberi kusvika svondo rapfuura pabuda nhau dzekuti EU yatambira chikumbiro cheFrance chekubvumidza zvikumbiro zvayo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mabhizinesi ekurapa cannabis akave nenguva shoma yekugaya uyu mukana wakakura, asi nekupa mukana wemusika, izvi zvinogona kuchinja munguva pfupi.
Parizvino, kunyange hazvo zvakatsanangurwa zvichiramba zvisina kutaurwa, makambani ekurapa cannabis akasaina chinangwa chavo chekutora mukana uyu nekutanga zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinoenderana nemusika weFrance. Indasitiri vemukati vanofanotaura kuti musika wekurapa cannabis weFrance uchakura zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura muvakidzani weGermany, nevarwere vanofungidzirwa zviuru gumi mugore rekutanga, zvishoma nezvishoma vachikura kusvika pakati pe300,000 ne500,000 panosvika 2035.
Kune makambani ekunze anotarisa musika uyu, "chakanakira" chekutonga kweFrance ndechekuti cannabis "inowira pasi pehurongwa hwakakura hwemishonga." Izvi zvinoreva kuti mafemu ekunze anogona kudzivirira zvirambidzo zvisina tsarukano sezvinoonekwa kuUK, uko marezinesi ekunze anogona kuvharwa pasina chikonzero chakajeka. Kupindira kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakadaro hakugone kuitika muFrance, sezvo marezinesi ari mubvunzo haana kujeka kune yekurapa cannabis.
Kubva pamaonero ehupfumi, vamwe vatambi vakatoumba kudyidzana nemakambani eFrance akabata marezinesi anodiwa kugadzira uye kugadzirisa cannabis yekurapa.
Zvakadaro, mukana wekukurumidza uripo mukutumira zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa kuenda kuFrance zvekurongedza zvemuno uye kutonga kwemhando kwete kuzara-chiyero kugadzirwa kwemuno kana kugadzirisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-01-2025